Electrical heating element or resistance.



PATENTED APR. 23, 1907.

E. G. RIVERS. ELECTRICAL HEATING ELEMENT 0R RESISTANCE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11,1906.

dZOZZ/d, Ride/Q9 INVENTOF /3 ,WITN ES 5 ES EDWARD GEORGE RIVERS,

ELECTRICAL HEATlNG EL Specification of Letters Patent.

or nionnonio, ENGLAND.

EMENT OR RESISTANCE.

- Patented April as, 1907.

Application filed June 11,1906. Serial No. 321,218.

T 0 all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD .AGEORGE RIVERS, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Beverley Lodge, Richmond, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Electrical Heating Elements or Resistanees, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an electrical heating plate which can also be used as a resistance, and theobject thereof is to con 1 struct the plate in such a manner as to secure perfect insulation of the conductor coupled with the exhibition of heat due to resistance and, furthermore, to so imbed a metallic contact as to preserve the metal from oxidation and consequently obtain perfeet electrical conductivity.

\Vith the foregoing and other ob,ects in view the invention consists of the novel construction of electrical heating plate as hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown the preterred embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations, and modifications can be resorted to which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

in describing the invention in detail, reference is had to the aecomp anying drawings, wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which Figure 1 is a plan of an electrical heating late in accordince with this invention, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

Referring to the lrawings by reference characters, a denotes a plate formed from baked clay of any convenient size or shape, prefer ably rectangular in cont our, and which has one face thereof formed with a depression or groove 1) which starts at one corner of the plate, passing backward and forward over the surface of the plate, and terminating at the furthest opposite corner arranged diagonally with respect to that corner from which the groove started. The groove b is so dis:

posed throughout theface of the plate as to form a plurality of ridges c of a width equal to the width of the groove. so disposed throughout the faceof the plate as to not interrupt the groove 1) or, in other words, so that the groove will be continuous from one corner to the opposite diagonal corner of the plate. By way of example, it will be stated that, on a plate six inches square,

The ridges are l l l l i l tllO gIOOVG hZLQQIUH of five feet, for and 200 volts, but, for voltages lower than 100, the groove is correspondingly varied in length and depth. The groove is filled with a paste of silicaied carbon formed lrom soluble silica teitherli USiO or NafiSiO, or other convenient formula for soluble silica) diluted with water in convenient proportions. By way of example, say one part of silica to two parts oi water. mixed in the proportions of one of the foregoing to two of carbon powder. The paste is dried and subsequently heated to 250 Faht.

The electrical contacts are indicated by the reference character d and are situated at the opposite diagonal cornersof the plate, but this arrangement may be varied to bring both of the contacts to the same side. Each of the contacts consists of a small metallic screw bolt 6 inserted through an opening at each end of the carbon run on the plate, and on the carbon side a metallic washer f is placed under the bolt head. Positioned under the washer j'is a short length of flexible stranded, or solid wire g, the latter being twisted with one turn, and the two ends of the wire are brought over the commencement of the groove b. A blob of carbon paste it is then placed upon the plate (L, under the ends of the wire, and the latter when pressed down, are covered with a further blob of paste, so that the terminal wires are completely imbedded and protected from oxidization. The belt is then securedby a back nut and washer. The whole is then dried and heated as before.

It is to be understood that the paste is carried by its own adhesion to the plate and tilt two combined form the element. A number of these plates may be assembled and wired j in parallel or in series to form a heater. in special cases I use an insulating and hcn1- resisting material such as uralite instead of baked or kilned clay to carry the carbon )aste.

\Yhat I claim is:

1. A plate for the purpose set forth com prising abody portion of clay ha ving one face provided with a groove extending from a corner at one end of the body portion to a corner at the opposite end thereof and having parts of its length arranged in parallelism with respect to each other, thereby )roviding said face of the body portion with ridges alternately disposed with respect to each other and of a width substantially equal to the width of the groove, and a resistance matewithin said ,said face of the body rial formed from a paste of silicated carbon groove and capable of attaching heated to the base by fac itself when its own adhesion.

2. A plate for the purpose set forth comprising a body portion of clay having one face provided with a groove extending from a corner at one end of the body portion to a corner at the opposite end thereof and having parts of its length arranged in parallelism with respect to each other, thereby providing said face of the body portion with ridges alternately disposed with respect to each other and of a width substantially equal to the width of the groove, a resistance material formed from a paste of silicated carbon with in said groove capable of attaching itself when heated directly to the clay base by its own adhesion, and contacts imbedded in said body portion.

3. A plate for the purpose set forth consisting of a body ortion of clay having one face thereof )rovi ed with a resistance material formed om a silicated carbon insert extending from one corner of the body portion to the opposite corner thereof and having parts thereof arranged in parallelism with respect to each other thereby providing the portion with alternately disposed ridges of a width equal to the width of the carbon insert. said insert capable of attaching itself when heated directly to the clay base by its own adhesion.

4. A plate for the purpose set forth consisting of a body portion formed from baked clay and provided with a resistance material formed from a silicated carbon insert in one i j plu tac sist

the

spe

ing em my nes f corner of the bod ranged diagonally face of the plate as equal to the width of ridges extending in parallelism with respect to each other, and said insert capable of atclay base by face thereof, said corner of the body ranged diagonally with respect to the other corner,

attaching itself when heated direct v clay base by its own connected to the body e thereof, said insert extending from one y portion to a corner arwith respect to the other ner, said insert so disposed throughout the to rovide said face with a rality of ridges o a width substantially the body portion, said hing itself when heated directly to the its own adhesion. A plate for the purpose set forth coning of abody portion formed from baked clay and provided with a resistance material formed from a silicated carbon insert in one lIlSGIt extending from one portion to a corner arso disposed throughout face of the plate as to provide said face with a plurality of ridges of a width substantially equal to the width of the body portion, said ridges extending in parallelism with rect to each other, said insert ca able of I? to the adhesion and contacts portionand embodyconducting wires having the ends thereof bedded in a silicated carbon. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set hand in presence of two subscribing witses.

EDWARD GEORGE RIVERS. Yitnesses:

H. D. JAMEsoN, F. L. RAND,

Both of London, England. 

